Algebra 1 Foundational

Simple Probability

Calculate the probability of an event using P(A) = favorable outcomes / total outcomes — find P(A), P(not A), and odds.

Live Calculator · Step-by-Step · Algebra 1
Inputs
Quick Examples

Enter a known probability P(A) as a fraction (e.g. 3/10) or decimal (e.g. 0.3), and the calculator will find P(not A) = 1 − P(A).

P(A) =
🎲
Standard Die
6-sided, pick outcome(s)
🪙
Coin Flip
Heads or Tails
🃏
Card from Deck
Suit or value
🔵
Colored Marbles
Pick count per color
Pick outcome(s) on a 6-sided die
1
2
3
4
5
6
Selected faces will be the favorable outcomes.
Select outcome
Heads (H)
Tails (T)
Either (H or T)
Draw one card — pick a category
By Suit (13 of 52)
♥ Hearts
♠ Spades
♦ Diamonds
♣ Clubs
By Color
Red (♥♦)
Black (♠♣)
By Value (4 of 52)
Ace
King
Queen
Jack
7
2
Face Cards
Face Card (J/Q/K)
Joker (54-card)
Enter marbles per color
Red
Blue
Green
Yellow
Draw which color?
Red
Blue
Green
Yellow
Total: 10 marbles
Results
Enter values and press Calculate to see P(A), P(not A), and odds.
P(A) — Probability of Event
P(not A) — Complement
Odds in Favor
Odds Against
Step-by-Step Work
Probability Visualization
Classical Probability
P(A) = (# favorable outcomes) / (# total outcomes)

All outcomes must be equally likely for classical probability to apply — such as rolling a fair die, flipping a fair coin, or drawing a card from a well-shuffled deck.

The result is always a number between 0 and 1 inclusive:

• P(A) = 0 → the event is impossible

• P(A) = 0.5 → the event is equally likely as its complement

• P(A) = 1 → the event is certain

0 ≤ P(A) ≤ 1 always. Probability can never be negative or greater than 1.
Complement Rule & Odds
P(not A) = 1 − P(A) = (total − favorable) / total

Complement rule: The event A and its complement (not A) always sum to exactly 1, because together they cover every possible outcome.

Odds in favor = favorable : unfavorable
Odds against = unfavorable : favorable

Odds are a ratio, not a probability. "Odds of 1:5" means 1 favorable outcome for every 5 unfavorable — which is a probability of 1/6, not 1/5.

P(A) + P(not A) = 1 always. Use this to quickly find a complement when you already know P(A).

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